Module:WikidataIB

This module is intended to be used inside {{infobox}} (letters WikidataIB stand for Info Box, hence the name) or other templates and designed specifically to allow editors of an article (as opposed to editors of the infobox the article uses) to control whether Wikidata values are displayed.

One of the two sandboxes should be used for testing anything other than trivial amendments.

Test examples for the main module and the two sandboxes are available.

Modules and test cases

	Module	Test cases
Main	Module:WikidataIB	Module talk:WikidataIB/testing
sandbox	Module:WikidataIB/sandbox (diff)	Module talk:WikidataIB/sandbox/testing (diff)
sandbox1	Module:WikidataIB/sandbox1 (diff)	Module talk:WikidataIB/sandbox1/testing (diff)

Overview

The module provides these calls specifically for use in infoboxes at present:

1. getValue - main call, used to get the value(s) of a given property
2. getQualifierValue - given: (1) a property; (2) its value; (3) a qualifier's propertyID, returns values which match
3. getValueByQual gets the value of a property which has a qualifier with a given entity value
4. getValueByLang gets the value of a property which has a qualifier P407("language of work or name") whose value has the given language code
5. getValueByRefSource gets the value of a property which has a reference "stated in" (P248) whose value has the given entity-ID
6. getPropOfProp if the value(s) of prop1 are of type "wikibase-item" then it returns the value(s) of prop2 of each of those wikibase-items
7. getAwardCat if the item has values of P166 (award received), then it examines each of those awards for P2517 (category for recipients of this award) and it returns the corresponding category, with the item's P734 (family name) as sort key, or no sort key if there is no family name
8. getIntersectCat for each value of the prop1 it fetches the value's main category and then each value of prop2, then it returns all of the categories representing the intersection of those properties
9. getSumOfParts scans the property 'has part' (P527) for values matching a list. If the matched values have a qualifier 'quantity' (P1114), those quantities are summed and returned (but zero returns nil)
10. getCoords gets coordinates and passes them through {{Coord}}
11. getPreferredValue - Deprecated but retained for backward compatibility. Use the |getValue|rank=best parameters instead

The obsolete call getSourcedValue has now been removed as it is redundant to getValue which can do the same job using the |onlysourced=true parameter (which is set by default).

Utilities functions

1. getLink if there is a sitelink to an article on the local Wiki, it returns a link to the article with the Wikidata label as the displayed text. If there is no sitelink, it returns the label as plain text. If there is no label in the local language, it returns the entity-ID
2. getAT (Article Title) If there is a sitelink to an article on the local Wiki, it returns the sitelink as plain text, otherwise nothing
3. getSiteLink gets the plain text link to an article on a given wiki
4. getLabel returns the Wikidata label for the local language as plain text. If there is no label in the local language, it returns the entity-ID
5. getAllLabels fetches the set of labels and formats it for display as wikitext
6. labelorid returns the label with all wikitext removed, or the entity-ID if no label
7. getDescription returns the article description for the Wikidata entity if the local parameter is "Wikidata"
8. getAllDescriptions fetches the set of descriptions and formats it for display as wikitext
9. getAliases returns the aliases for the entity in the current or given language
10. getAllAliases fetches the set of aliases and formats it for display as wikitext
11. pageId returns the connected Wikidata page id (entity-ID, Q-number) of the current page
12. formatDate takes a datetime of the usual format from mw.wikibase.entity:formatPropertyValues and formats it according to the df (date format) and bc parameters
13. formatNumber formats a number according to the supplied language code
14. checkBlacklist returns true if the field is not blacklisted (i.e. allowed)
15. emptyor returns nil if the parameter is just punctuation, whitespace or html tags, otherwise returns the argument unchanged
16. getLang returns the MediaWiki language code or the full language name of the current content
17. getItemLangCode looks for country (P17), then for that country's official language (P37), and returns its language code (P424)
18. findLanguage returns (1) supplied language if valid; or (2) the user's set language; or (3) the language of the current wiki
19. getQid returns (1) the entity-ID, if supplied; or (2) the entity ID of the "category's main topic (P301)"; or (3) the entity ID associated with the current page; or (4) nothing
20. followQid given a list of properties, looks for each property in turn and returns the entity-ID of the first value that matches (optionally, returns all entity-IDs that match)
21. getGlobe returns the entity-ID of the globe used in P625 (coordinate location), or nil if there isn't one
22. getCommonsLink returns one of the following in order of preference: the Commons sitelink of the linked Wikidata item; the Commons sitelink of the topic's main category of the linked Wikidata item
23. siteID returns the root of the globalSiteID, e.g. "en" for "enwiki", "enwikisource", "en-gb", etc.
24. projID same as siteID
25. location scans from the current location upwards along the chain of higher-level locations, returning each one until it reaches a country
26. examine returns a formatted dump of the given property
27. url2 takes a parameter that is a proper url and formats it for use in an infobox; it accepts its own output as input
28. getWebsite fetches the Official website (P856) and formats it for use in an infobox
29. checkvalue looks through a property for a given entity-ID as its value and returns that entity-ID if found; otherwise nil
30. checkValidity returns whether the first unnamed parameter represents a valid entity-id
31. showNoLinks displays the article titles that should not be linked

Examples of calls

{{#invoke:WikidataIB |getValue |<PropertyID> |name=<fieldname> |suppressfields=<list of fields which will never display> |fetchwikidata=<list of fields to fetch values from Wikidata> |onlysourced=<yes/no> |noicon=<yes/no> |df=<dmy/mdy/y> |bc=<BC/BCE> |qual=<ALL/DATES/P999> |list=<ubl/hlist/prose> |linked=<yes/no> |<local parameter>}}

{{#invoke:WikidataIB |getCoords |name=<fieldname> |suppressfields=<list of fields which will never display> |fetchwikidata=<list of fields to fetch values from Wikidata> |<local parameter>}}

{{#invoke:WikidataIB |getQualifierValue |<PropertyID> |pval=<ID of target value for the property> |qual=<qualifier ID for that target value> |name=<fieldname> |suppressfields=<list of fields which will never display> |fetchwikidata=<list of fields to fetch values from Wikidata> |onlysourced=<yes/no>}}

{{#invoke:WikidataIB |getValueByQual |<PropertyID> |qualID=<qualifier property ID to match> |qvalue=<QID of target value for the qualifier property> |name=<fieldname> |suppressfields=<list of fields which will never display> |fetchwikidata=<list of fields to fetch values from Wikidata> |onlysourced=<yes/no>}}

{{#invoke:WikidataIB |getValueByLang |<PropertyID> |lang=<language code to match> |name=<fieldname> |suppressfields=<list of fields which will never display> |fetchwikidata=<list of fields to fetch values from Wikidata> |onlysourced=<yes/no>}}

Function getValue

Parameters to getValue

Name	Alias	Function	Default
(first unnamed)	1	The property-ID whose values are returned. Required.
(second unnamed)	2	A locally supplied value that, if it is not empty, will be returned in preference to the value on Wikidata.	empty
qid		The Q-number (entity-ID) of the entity that the property belongs to. If not supplied or empty, defaults to the associated Wikidata entry of the current page – uses mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage().	Item id for current page
eid		An alternative to qid. Except for eid, all parameters to getValue treat nil and the empty string the same. So, setting |x= gives the same result as omitting the parameter. However, to provide some compatibility with other modules, using |eid= always returns an empty string, while omitting eid allows qid to work as normal.	Item id for current page
rank		[Case insensitive] When set to best, returns preferred values if present, otherwise returns normal values. When set to preferred returns preferred values. When set to normal, returns normal values. When set to deprecated returns deprecated values. Any parameter value beginning with "b" is "best"; beginning with "p" is "preferred"; beginning with "n" is "normal"; beginning with "d" is deprecated. Multiple values are allowed: "p n d" would return all ranks. "Best" overrides the other flags. Other values are ignored and if no ranks are requested, preferred and normal are returned.	preferred and normal
qual		A punctuation-separated list of property-IDs of qualifiers that are to be returned in parentheses after the property. Setting qual=ALL returns all qualifiers. Setting qual=DATES returns (P580) and (P582) with a date separator.	none
qualsonly	qo	A boolean which enables the display of just the qualifier(s), without the property value or parentheses. Values no, false and 0 are all false; anything else is true.	false
fetchwikidata	fwd	List of fields to fetch values from. ALL fetches all fields. A value of NONE or blank or omitting the parameter fetches no fields.	none
suppressfields	spf	List of fields which will never display. This will even force a local value in the field not to display.	none
name		Name of the field. When encoding an infobox, this is the name that fetchwikidata and suppressfields will recognise. Required if fetchwikidata or suppressfields is specified (except when fetchwikidata=ALL).	nil
onlysourced	osd	A boolean which will filter out Wikidata values that are unsourced or only sourced to Wikipedia. This 2018 RFC requires that Wikidata values displayed in article infoboxes must be sourced. Values no, false and 0 are all false; anything else is true.	true
df		Date format: may be dmy (day before month) or mdy (month before day) or y (year alone).	dmy
qdf		Date format of qualifiers. If omitted, defaults to parameter df, or "y" if df is also omitted.	value of df or "y"
bc		Format of the BC/BCE suffix for dates.	BCE
plaindate	pd	String to modify formatting of dates. Setting "true"/"yes"/"1" disables adding "sourcing cirumstances" (P1480) and any links. Setting "adj" does the same but uses the adjectival form of the date.	false
linked		A boolean that enables the link to a local page via its sitelink on Wikidata. Values no, false and 0 are all false; anything else is true.	true
displaytext	dt	A string that overrides the displayed text of a linked item if it is non-empty.	empty
shortname	sn	A boolean that enables the use of shortname (P1813) instead of label for a linked item. Values no, false and 0 are all false; anything else is true.	false
uselabel	uselbl	A boolean that forces the display of the label instead of the disambiguated sitelink for a linked item. Labels are much more prone to vandalism that sitelinks. Values no, false and 0 are all false; anything else is true.	false
wdlinks	wdl	A boolean that enables the display of links to Wikidata when no local article exists. Values no, false and 0 are all false; anything else is true.	false
unitabbr	uabbr	A boolean that enables unit abbreviations for common units. Values no, false and 0 are all false; anything else is true.	false
convert	conv	A boolean that enables passing of quantities to Template:Cvt. Values no, false and 0 are all false; anything else is true.	false
showunits	su	A boolean that enables showing units for quantities. Values no, false and 0 are all false; anything else is true.	true
scale		A string that sets scaling for format of quantities. Values are: "a"=automatic; "0"=no scaling; "3"=thousand; "6"=million; "9"=billion; "12"=trillion.	0
maxvals		Sets the maximum number of values to be returned when multiple values are available. Setting it to 1 is useful where the returned string is used within another call, e.g. image. Values 0 and empty return all values.	0 (all)
collapse		Sets the maximum number of values to be returned before the content is auto-collapsed. Values 0 and empty allow all content to be displayed uncollapsed.	0 (all)
linkprefix	lp	A link prefix that is prepended to the linked value when linked. Applies only to items that have articles and to strings (e.g. url). It triggers linking of strings. Any double-quotes " are stripped out, so that spaces may be passed.	empty
linkpostfix		A link postfix that is appended to the linked value when linked. Applies only to items that have articles and to strings (e.g. url). It triggers linking of strings. Any double-quotes " are stripped out, so that spaces may be passed.	empty
prefix		A prefix that is prepended to the displayed value of strings (e.g. url). Any double-quotes " are stripped out, so that spaces may be passed.	empty
postfix		A postfix that is appended to the displayed value of strings (e.g. url). Any double-quotes " are stripped out, so that spaces may be passed.	empty
qlinkprefix	qlp	Qualifier link prefix (see linkprefix).	empty
qlinkpostfix		Qualifier link postfix (see linkpostfix).	empty
qprefix		Qualifier prefix (see prefix).	empty
qpostfix		Qualifier postfix (see postfix).	empty
sorted		A boolean which enables sorting of the values returned. Values no, false and 0 are all false; anything else is true.	false
qsorted		A boolean which enables sorting of the qualifier values within each item returned. Values no, false and 0 are all false; anything else is true.	false
noicon		A boolean which will suppress the trailing "edit at Wikidata" pen-icon. Useful for when the returned value is to be further processed. Values no, false and 0 are all false (i.e. shows the icon); anything else is true (i.e. suppresses the icon).	false
list		The name of a template that the list of multiple values is then passed through. Examples include "cslist", "hlist", "ubl", "blist", "olist", "p-1". A special value, prose, produces "1, 2, 3 and 4".	none
sep		Customises the string that is used to separate multiple returned values. Any double-quotes " are stripped out, so that spaces may be passed. If nothing or an empty string is passed it is set to the default list separator (", " in English).	", "
qsep		Customises the string that is used to separate multiple returned qualifier values. Any double-quotes " are stripped out, so that spaces may be passed. If nothing or an empty string is passed it is set to the default list separator (", " in English).	", "
format		Determines whether global coordinates should be rendered as degree/minute/second or as decimal degrees. Any value beginning "dec" (case insensitive) will render as decimal. Anything else will render as DMS.	dms
show		Determines how global coordinates should be returned. The value "longlat" will return longitude, latitude. Any other value beginning "lon" (case insensitive) will return just longitude. Any value beginning "lat" (case insensitive) will return just latitude. When used with |noicon=true, all of these will be pure numbers in decimal degrees (signed: N and E as positive), which are intended for use in mapping templates, etc. Anything other value (or nothing) will render the usual coordinate values as DMS or decimal with "NSEW" qualifiers, etc.	empty
lang		Allows an unlinked value to be returned in the chosen language. Takes a standard ISO language code recognised by MediaWiki. If not supplied or blank, the local language (or set language for multi-lingual wikis) is used as normal.	local language
parameterset	ps	Convenience parameter to allow commonly used sets of parameters to be specified with a single parameter: ps=1 gets a simple linked value wherever possible; ps=2 represents a plain text value. See Parameter sets.
linkredir		Boolean to switch on or off the check for a redirect with the same name as the label when there is no sitelink on Wikidata for the value. Values no, false and 0 are all false; anything else is true.	false

Base parameters

• getValue can also take a named parameter |qid= which is the Wikidata ID for an article. This will not normally be used as omitting it defaults to the current article.
• The property whose value is to be returned is passed in the first unnamed property and is required.
• The second unnamed parameter, if supplied, will become the returned value and no call to Wikidata will be made.

Whitelist and blacklist

• The name of the field that this function is called from is passed in the named parameter |name=, which is first checked against a blacklist of fields that are never to be displayed, (i.e. the call must return nil in all circumstances). If the field is not on the blacklist, it is then checked against a whitelist. If the name of the field matches, the call will return any locally supplied value if it is supplied as the second unnamed parameter, or the Wikidata value otherwise.
• Specifying |fetchwikidata=ALL is a shortcut to return all fields that are not blacklisted.
• The name is compulsory when the blacklist or whitelist is used, so the module returns nil if it is not supplied, other than when |fetchwikidata=ALL.
• The blacklist is passed in the named parameter |suppressfields=
• The whitelist is passed in the named parameter |fetchwikidata=

Sourcing

The getValue function will accept a boolean parameter onlysourced which will suppress return of Wikidata values that are unsourced or only sourced to a Wikimedia project. The absence of the parameter, an empty parameter (|onlysourced=) and the empty string ("") all default to true (i.e. only referenced values are returned). The values no, false and 0 are treated as false (i.e. all values are returned); any other value is true (although |onlysourced=yes/no is recommended for readability).

Link to Wikidata

The getValue function will accept a boolean parameter noicon which will suppress the trailing "edit at Wikidata" icon and link for cases when the returned value is to be further processed by the infobox (e.g. a url). The absence of the parameter or an empty parameter (|noicon=) default to false (i.e. the icon is added). The empty string ("") and the values no, false and 0 are treated as false; any other value is true (although |noicon=true is recommended for readability).

Following a discussion at Module talk:WikidataIB #Visibility of pen icon, the pen icon is hidden from users who are not autoconfirmed. This means that most readers don't see the pen icon, and represents a balance between aesthetics and vandalism at Wikidata on the one hand, and the desire to encourage editing Wikidata on the other.

Dates

In order to handle the requirement for dates in mdy, dmy or just year formats, getValue accepts a named parameter |df= that may take the values "dmy", "mdy", or "y" - default is "dmy".

As an article may require either of suffixes BC and BCE, getValue accepts a named parameter |bc= that may take the values "BC", or "BCE" - default is "BCE". Some test cases are shown at Module talk:WikidataIB/testing #Calls to getValue for dates.

Ranks

The |rank= parameter, when set to preferred, returns only preferred values; when set to normal, returns only normal values; when set to deprecated, returns only deprecated values. If the parameter is set to best, it returns preferred values if present, otherwise normal values. Any parameter value beginning with "p" is "preferred"; any parameter value beginning with "n" is "normal"; any parameter value beginning with "d" is "deprecated"; any parameter value beginning with "b" is "best". Combinations of values are allowed, e.g. |rank=p n returns all the preferred and normal values (which is the default), although "best" overrides any other parameters.

Specific value-type handlers

The module has specific handlers for the following data types:

1. Items that correspond to an article in some Wikipedia, called "wikibase-items". These will be linked to the corresponding (and disambiguated) article on English Wikipedia where possible.
2. Items that represent dates. These may be centuries, years, years and months, or years, months and days.
3. Items that represent Commons media, urls, external ids, or other sorts of plain text.
4. Items that represent quantities. All of these may have an associated unit, or be dimensionless, and may have a range.
5. Items that represent global coordinates. These will be in degrees of latitude and longitude and will have an associated precision.

Items that represent other types of data are not handled at present.

The third class of data types may be used with the parameters:

• |prefix=, |postfix=, |linkprefix=, |linkpostfix=

If you don't supply at least one of |linkprefix= or |linkpostfix=, then just |prefix= and |postfix= are used. For example, when getting the (P717) in (Q532127):

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P717|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no |prefix="before " |postfix=" after" |qid=Q532127}} →

Use double-quotes to enclose the parameter value if it has leading or trailing spaces (otherwise they are stripped out). If you supply |linkprefix= or |linkpostfix=, then all four parameters are used and a link is made for each value like this:

• [[ linkprefix WikidataValue1 linkpostfix | prefix WikidataValue1 postfix]], [[ linkprefix WikidataValue2 linkpostfix | prefix WikidataValue2 postfix]], etc.

That allows multiple links to be made to different sections of a list article, such as List of observatory codes. For example, when getting the (P717) in (Q532127) we can make the links:

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB/sandbox|getValue|P717|fetchwikidata=ALL|onlysourced=no |prefix= |postfix= |linkprefix="List of observatory codes#" |linkpostfix= |qid=Q532127}} →

The parameters |prefix=, |postfix=, |linkprefix=, |linkpostfix= are also applied to wikibase-items if they are linked.

Formatting multiple returned values

• |sorted=<yes|no> is a boolean passed to enable sorting of the values returned. No parameter, or an empty string, or "false", or "no", or "0" disables sorting. It's only a very dumb alphabetical sort and sorts linked values as "[[ ..."
• |sep=<separator characters> allows the separator between multiple returned values to be defined. The default is ", " (comma plus normal space). If the separator has leading or trailing spaces, enclose it in double quotes (e.g. |sep=" - "). Any double quotes are stripped from the separator. The pipe character (|) must be escaped as {{!}}. For reasons of accessibility (see MOS:PLIST), do not use |sep=<br> for vertical unbulleted lists; use |list=ubl instead.
• |list=<prose|cslist|hlist|ubl|blist|olist> allows multiple returned values to be displayed as a sentence with last two values separated by "and" (|list=prose), a horizontal comma-separated list (|list=cslist, not to be used in prose), a horizontal list (|list=hlist), a vertical unbulleted list (|list=ubl), a vertical bulleted list (|list=blist), or a vertical ordered list (|list=olist). These override the separator and do not display the 'pen icon' linked to "Edit at Wikidata".
• |list=p-1 displays the last value. Combine with |maxvals=n to display the nth value.

Limiting the returned values

Sometimes a property is expected to have a single value, such as (P18), but may have multiple values on Wikidata. Setting |maxvals=1 will limit the number of values returned to 1. Any other value is possible and functions as expected, but zero is treated as "no limit".

Unlinking

A returned value that represents an article on the local wiki will be linked by default. This includes redirects, but not dab pages. Sometimes there is a need not to link that returned values and this may be accomplished by setting |linked=no.

Unit abbreviations

When the returned value is a quantity, the name of the units in which it is expressed is appended. Infoboxes may wish to use abbreviations instead for common units. This can be done by setting |unitabbr=true.

Qualifiers

A parameter |qual= may be supplied, which will return qualifiers of the required property, if they exist. If the value is set to a punctuation-separated list of property-IDs (e.g. P123, P456), then only the values of qualifiers with that property will be returned. If the value is set to |qual=ALL, then all of the qualifier values are returned. If the value is set to |qual=DATES then the (P580) and the (P582) of the property are returned with a date separator. In each case, any qualifier values returned follow the property value, and are enclosed in parentheses. If multiple qualifier values are returned, they will be separated by commas by default, although the separator can be changed by specifying |qsep= (which may be enclosed in double-quotes, which are stripped out, so that spaces can be included). Setting the parameter |qsorted=yes will sort the returned qualifier values alphanumerically.

Short form of parameters

Some of the longer parameters may be abbreviated to make infobox designs more compact:

• fwd → fetchwikidata
• osd → onlysourced
• spf → suppressfields
• wdl → wdlinks

Parameter sets

Generally, getValue has a set of defaults for its parameters that represent consensus decisions by editors. For example, |onlysourced= defaults to true so only Wikidata values that are sourced to something better than "Wikipedia" will be returned, and |fetchwikidata= defaults to none so nothing is returned until it is enabled by setting some field names or "ALL". This represents the fail-safe condition and allows infoboxes to be made Wikidata-capable without changing any article until enabled for that article.

To simplify the use of getValue in other circumstances, common combinations of parameters can be specified with |parameterset= or its alias |ps= for convenience. Two combinations are implemented at present and these are:

ps=1

a common set of overrides to get a simple value, linked where possible:

|rank         ="best"
|fetchwikidata="ALL"
|onlysourced  ="no"
|noicon       ="true"

ps=2

a sort of raw value in plain text:

|rank          = "best"
|fetchwikidata = "ALL"
|onlysourced   = "no"
|noicon        = "true"
|linked        = "no"
|plaindate     = "true"

Other sets could be created if there is a demand.

Wrapper template

The template {{wdib}} can be used as a convenient wrapper for {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getValue}}.

Other main functions

Function getPreferredValue

The getPreferredValue function works exactly like getValue, taking the same parameters, but if any values for a property have the preferred rank set, it will only return those values. This is now deprecated in favour of getValue|rank=best.

Function getCoords

• getCoords can also take a named parameter |qid= which is the Wikidata ID for an article. This will not normally be used as omitting it defaults to the current article.
• The first unnamed parameter, if supplied, will become the returned value and no call to Wikidata will be made.
• The coordinates from Wikidata are parsed and passed to Template:Coord which returns the display as if it were called manually.
• The blacklist of fields that are never to be displayed, and the whitelist are implemented in the same way as for getValue using |suppressfields= and |fetchwikidata=
• The format parameter sets the display format to decimal or dms. Any value beginning with "dec" sets decimal; anything else sets dms.
• The display parameter sets the display position to "inline", "title" or "inline, title". Default is nothing (so uses default for {{Coord}}, currently "inline").

Function getQualifierValue

The getQualifierValue function is for use when we want to fetch the value of a qualifier. We need to know the property and the value of the property that the qualifier relates to. The parameters are:

• The property ID passed in the unnamed parameter (or |1=)
• The target value for that property in |pval=
• The qualifier ID for that target value in |qual=
• The same parameters to implement whitelisting and blacklisting of the property as in getValue
• Optional boolean to specify whether only sourced values of the property are returned (defaults to "no") in |onlysourced=
• Optional item ID for arbitrary access in |qid=
• The same parameters to format output as in getValue

Example of getQualifierValue

In (Q1513315) there is a property (P793), which has a value (Q385378). That has two qualifiers, (P580) and (P582). To get the start date:

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getQualifierValue |qid=Q1513315 |P793 |pval=Q385378 |qual=P580 |name=xyz |fetchwikidata=ALL }}

In South Pole Telescope it returns:

Function getValueByQual

The getValueByQual function returns the value of a property which has a qualifier with a given entity value. The parameters are:

• The property ID passed in the unnamed parameter (or |1=)
• The property ID for a qualifier (or "ALL" or "DATES") in |qualID=
• The Wikibase-entity ID of a value for that qualifier in |qvalue=
• The same parameters to implement whitelisting and blacklisting of the property as in getValue
• Optional boolean to specify whether only sourced values of the property are returned (defaults to "no") in |onlysourced=
• Optional item ID for arbitrary access in |qid=
• The same parameters to format output as in getValue

Example of getValueByQual

In (Q10990) there is a property (P443) that has multiple values, each of which has a qualifier (P407). We can return the property value whose qualifier has the value (Q13955)

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getValueByQual |qid=Q10990 |P443 |qualID=P407 |qvalue=Q13955 |fwd=ALL |osd=no |noicon=true}} →

Function getValueByLang

The getValueByLang function returns the value of a property which has a qualifier (P407) whose value has the given language code. The parameters are:

• The property ID passed in the unnamed parameter (or |1=)
• The (P424) to match the language whose code is given by |lang=xx[-yy]. If no code is supplied, it uses the default language.
• The same parameters to implement whitelisting and blacklisting of the property as in getValue
• Optional boolean to specify whether only sourced values of the property are returned (defaults to "no") in |onlysourced=
• Optional item ID for arbitrary access in |qid=
• The same parameters to format output as in getValue

Example of getValueByLang

In (Q7565108) there is a property (P856) that has multiple values, each of which has a qualifier (P407). We can return the property value whose (P407) qualifier value (a WD item) itself has the (P424) property that is "ja", i.e, (Q5287)

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getValueByLang |qid=Q7565108 |P856 |lang=ja |fwd=ALL |osd=no |noicon=true}} →

If |lang= is unspecified, we can obtain the same value with the default language (here that is the (Q1860) and its (P424) is "en")

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getValueByLang |qid=Q7565108 |P856 |fwd=ALL |osd=no |noicon=true}} →

Utility functions

Function getLink

getLink has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as the first unnamed parameter or as |qid=

If there is a sitelink to an article on the local Wiki, it returns a link to the article with the Wikidata label as the displayed text. If there is no sitelink, it returns the label as plain text. If there is no label in the local language, it displays the qid instead.

Wikidata: (Q29016906) and (Q3621491)

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getLink |Q29016906}} →
• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getLink |Q3621491}} →

Function getLabel

getLabel has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as the first unnamed parameter or as |qid=

It returns the Wikidata label in the local language for an item by the given qid. If there is no label in the local language, it returns the qid instead. Note that this is the label given to the Wikidata entry in the same language as the current Wiki, if the label exists.

Wikidata: (Q29016906) and (Q3621491)

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getLabel |Q29016906}} →
• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getLabel |Q3621491}} →
• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getLabel |Q19805408}} →

Function label

label has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as the first unnamed parameter or as |qid=

It returns the Wikidata label in the local language for an item by the given qid or linked to the current page. If there is no label in the local language, it returns an empty string. Note that this is the label given to the Wikidata entry in the same language as the current Wiki, if the label exists.

Wikidata: (Q29016906) and (Q3621491)

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |label |Q29016906}} →
• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |label |Q3621491}} →
• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |label |Q19805408}} →

Function getAT

getAT has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as the first unnamed parameter or as |qid=

If there is a sitelink to an article on the local Wiki, it returns the sitelink as plain text, i.e. the article title. If there is no sitelink, it returns nothing. Note that this is the title of the article in the current Wikipedia, if the interlanguage link exists in the Wikidata entry.

Wikidata: (Q29016906) and (Q3621491)

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getAT |Q29016906}} →
• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getAT |Q3621491}} →

Function getDescription

getDescription has the qid of a Wikidata entity passed as |qid= (it defaults to the associated qid of the current article if omitted). It has a local parameter passed as the first unnamed parameter. Any local parameter passed (other than "Wikidata" or "none") becomes the return value. It returns the article description for the Wikidata entity in plain text if the local parameter is "Wikidata". Nothing is returned if the description doesn't exist or "none" is passed as the local parameter.

Wikidata: (Q29016906) and (Q3621491)

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getDescription |qid=Q29016906 |wikidata}} →
• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getDescription |qid=Q29016906 |A painting}} →
• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getDescription |qid=Q29016906 |none}} →
• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getDescription |qid=Q3621491 |wikidata}} →
• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getDescription |qid=Q3621491 |A profession}} →
• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getDescription |qid=Q3621491 |none}} →

Function formatDate

formatDate accepts a datetime of the usual format from mw.wikibase.entity:formatPropertyValues, like "1 August 30 BCE" as parameter 1 and formats it according to the df (date format) and bc parameters.

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |formatDate | 1 August 30 BCE |bc=BCE |df=dmy}} →
• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |formatDate | 1 August 30 BCE |bc=BC |df=mdy}} →
• df = "dmy" / "mdy" / "y" - default is "dmy"
• bc = "BC" / "BCE" - default is "BCE"

Function checkBlacklist

checkBlacklist allows a test to check whether a named field is allowed. It returns true if the field is not blacklisted (i.e. allowed) It returns false if the field is blacklisted (i.e. disallowed)

Example:

• {{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB |checkBlacklist |name=nationality |suppressfields=residence; nationality; citizenship}} | not blacklisted | blacklisted}} → not blacklisted
• {{#if:{{#invoke:WikidataIB |checkBlacklist |name=birth_place |suppressfields=residence; nationality; citizenship}} | not blacklisted | blacklisted}} → not blacklisted

Function emptyor

emptyor returns nil if its first unnamed argument is just punctuation, whitespace or html tags otherwise it returns the argument unchanged (including leading/trailing space).

If the argument could contain "=", then it must be called explicitly:

• | 1 = whatever-the-argument-is

In that case, leading and trailing spaces are trimmed.

It finds use in infoboxes where it can replace tests like:

• {{#if: {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getvalue |P99 |fwd=ALL}} | <span class="xxx">{{#invoke:WikidataIB |getvalue |P99 |fwd=ALL}}</span> | }}

with a form that uses just a single call to Wikidata:

• {{#invoke |WikidataIB |emptyor |1= <span class="xxx">{{#invoke:WikidataIB |getvalue |P99 |fwd=ALL}}</span> }}

Function labelorid

labelorid is a public function to expose the output of labelOrId().

The Q-number (entity ID) is passed as |qid= or as an unnamed parameter.

It returns the Wikidata label for that entity or the qid if no label exists.

Function getQid

• getQid works with the current page and its associated Wikidata entry.
• It returns qid, if supplied as the first unnamed parameter or as |qid=;
• failing that, the Wikidata entity ID of the "category's main topic (P301)", if it exists;
• failing that, the Wikidata entity ID associated with the current page, if it exists;
• otherwise, nothing

Function examine

examine provides a dump of the entire property given in the first unnamed parameter (or in |pid= as a named alias) from the item given by the parameter 'qid', or from the item corresponding to the current page if qid is not supplied. Both parameters may be unnamed and given in any order.

It works in a similar manner to the Dump function, but only loads a single claim, rather than the whole Wikidata entry.

• Example: {{#invoke:WikidataIB |examine |qid=Q1396889 |P50}}

There is a Template:Examine which acts as a wrapper for the call.

• Example: {{examine |Q4048254 |P31}} →

Function url2

url2 takes a parameter url= that is a proper url and formats it for use in an infobox.

Examples:

1. {{#invoke:WikidataIB |url2 |url= http://www.example.com/ }} →

   <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-f3f853a5">Script error: The function &quot;url2&quot; does not exist.</span></strong>

2. {{#invoke:WikidataIB |url2 |url= http://www.example.com/path/ }} →

   <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-f3f853a5">Script error: The function &quot;url2&quot; does not exist.</span></strong>

3. {{#invoke:WikidataIB |url2 |url= {{wdib |P856 |qid=Q23317 |fwd=ALL |osd=no}} }} →

   <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-f3f853a5">Script error: The function &quot;url2&quot; does not exist.</span></strong>

   {{wdib |P856 |qid=Q23317 |fwd=ALL |osd=no}} →

4. {{#invoke:WikidataIB |url2 |url= {{url|http://www.example.com/}} }} →

   <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-f3f853a5">Script error: The function &quot;url2&quot; does not exist.</span></strong>

Comparison with output of {{URL}}:

1. {{URL | http://www.example.com/ }} → www.example.com

   <span class="url">[http://www.example.com/ www<wbr/>.example<wbr/>.com]</span>

2. {{URL | http://www.example.com/path/ }} → www.example.com/path/

   <span class="url">[http://www.example.com/path/ www<wbr/>.example<wbr/>.com<wbr/>/path<wbr/>/]</span>

3. {{URL | {{wikidata|property|Q23317|P856}} }} → {{URL|example.com|optional display text}}

   <code>&#123;&#123;[[Template:URL|URL]]&#124;''example.com''&#124;''optional display text''&#125;&#125;</code>

   {{wikidata|property|Q23317|P856}} →

See also

• {{#invoke:URL|url}} & {{#invoke:URL|url2}}

Coding into an infobox

Typically, the getValue call will be invoked in an infobox definition, using appropriate template parameters. One simple implementation is given as an example in Template:Infobox book/Wikidata/Sandbox. As an illustration, the 'author' field in the infobox is coded like this:

| label2  = Author{{#if:{{{authors|}}}|s}}
|  data2  = {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getValue |P50 |name=author |fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|}}} |suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}} |{{{authors|{{{author|}}}}}} }}

The property to be fetched is the first unnamed parameter. In this case it is (P50).

The name of the field is passed in |name= and that name is checked against the blacklist and the whitelist. To always suppress the author field in a particular article, an editor will set |suppressfields=author in the infobox. The author field will then never be displayed.

If the field is not blacklisted, then the infobox can be set to display a locally supplied value for author simply by setting |author=George Orwell, for example, in the infobox. It also accepts |authors=. If the name of the field is on the whitelist, e.g. |fetchwikidata=author; genre; pub_date; pages; dewey; congress, and the local value is not supplied, then the infobox will display the value retrieved from Wikidata. Any separators can be used, except | and {}.

As a shorthand, |fetchwikidata=ALL will fetch all of the fields that are not blacklisted, as long as no local value is already provided in the article for a given field.

Since Wikidata labels are normally lower case, the ucfirst function from Module:String2 can be used to capitalise the first letter of the returned text, e.g.

• {{#invoke:String2 | ucfirst | {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getValue |P136 |name=genre |fetchwikidata=ALL |onlysourced=false}} }} in (Q1396889) produces:

Example of calls in an infobox

Basic use of getValue:

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getValue |P000 |name=fieldname |qid={{{qid|}}} |fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|}}} |onlysourced={{{onlysourced|}}} |{{{localparameter|}}} }}

Full collection of parameters:

• {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getValue |P000 |name=fieldname |qid={{{qid|}}} |suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}} |fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|}}} |onlysourced={{{onlysourced|}}} |noicon={{{noicon|}}} |wdl={{{wikidatalink|}}} |df={{dateformat|}} |bc={{{bc|}}} |prefix= |postfix= |linkprefix= |linkpostfix= |sorted={{{sorted|}}} |sep={{{separator|}}} |list={{listtype|}}} |{{{localparameter|}}} }}

Any of the parameters can, of course, be fixed for a given field in an infobox, rather than taking the parameter supplied to the infobox, which will affect all fields. For example, one field may set |list=hlist where a series of short words is expected; whereas another field could use |list=ubl where an unbulleted vertical list of several words on each line is required.

The getCoords call will display the output of Template:Coord when supplied with the coordinates returned from Wikidata. It can be coded like this:

|label20 = Coordinates
| data20 = {{#invoke:WikidataIB |getCoords |name=coordinates |suppressfields={{{suppressfields|}}} |fetchwikidata={{{fetchwikidata|}}} |{{{coordinates|}}} }}

An example is Template:Infobox biosphere reserve

{{Infobox biosphere reserve
| fetchwikidata = ALL
}}

Displays coordinates in the usual positions when used in an article where Wikidata has coordinates.

Upgrading existing infoboxes

Since the parameter |fetchwikidata= is needed for any Wikidata functionality, an existing infobox may be replaced by an infobox incorporating these calls without any change whatsoever to any article. Each article using the new infobox can later be enabled by supplying |fetchwikidata=ALL, or a list of required fields for that article. At that point, the onus is on the editor enabling the functionality to check that no unwanted fields are now being displayed. If so, they can be added to a blacklist for the article by setting |suppressfields= to the list of unwanted fields.

Verifiability

Where it will always be essential for a particular field to only contain values that are referenced, use getValue, making sure that |onlysourced= is not set to 'false', '0' or 'no'. By default it will exclude values that are unsourced or only sourced to a Wikipedia, thus making the job of checking easier at the article level. If unsourced data is acceptable (!), set |onlysourced=no. As it is beyond my wit to produce an automated mechanism that knows whether an existing source is reliable or not in a given context, that job must still be performed at the article level by an editor familiar with the subject. It should always be done when first enabling Wikidata for that article.

Helper templates

Template:If then show

tests whether the first unnamed parameter is not an empty string and returns it if it isn't. Otherwise it returns the second unnamed parameter. Optional third and fourth unnamed parameters provide a prefix and a suffix for the first parameter when returned. Useful when the first parameter is a call to Wikidata.

Template:Ifnoteq then show

tests whether the first unnamed parameter is equal to the second unnamed parameter and returns the third unnamed parameter if it does. Otherwise it returns the first unnamed parameter. This is useful when the first parameter is a {{#invoke: of a Lua module that returns a value for which a specific exception is required.

Template:If then wikilink

tests whether the first unnamed parameter is not an empty string and if it isn't, it returns the parameter formatted as piped wiki-link using an optional namespace prefix.

Template:Formatter link

takes an external identifier code as |code= and uses a formatter url as |url= to construct a link to the external resource, which uses the code as display.

Template:Emptyor

tests a piece of text to ascertain whether it's effectively empty or contains some text. If the unnamed parameter consists only of html tags, punctuation (e.g. wiki markup) and whitespace, then Emptyor returns nothing; otherwise it returns the parameter unchanged. Wrapper for p.emptyor function.

Example of use: Infobox book

This section is taken from Template:Infobox book/Wikidata/Sandbox/doc.

No Wikidata

{{Infobox book/Wikidata/Sandbox
| suppressfields =
| fetchwikidata  =
| name           = Animal Farm
| title_orig     = Animal Farm: A Fairy Story
| image          = Animal Farm - 1st edition.jpg
| image_size     = 200px
| caption        = First edition cover
| author         = [[George Orwell]]
| country        = United Kingdom
| language       = English
| genre          = Political satire
}}

Works as a non-aware infobox: only locally supplied parameters are displayed.

{{Infobox book/Wikidata/Sandbox
| name           = Animal Farm
| title_orig     = Animal Farm: A Fairy Story
| image          = Animal Farm - 1st edition.jpg
| image_size     = 200px
| caption        = First edition cover
| author         = [[George Orwell]]
| country        = United Kingdom
| language       = English
| genre          = Political satire
}}

The blacklist and whitelist can be omitted if unused

All Wikidata

{{Infobox book/Wikidata/Sandbox
| fetchwikidata  = author; genre; pub_date; pages; dewey; congress
}}

Fetches the author, publication date, number of pages, Dewey index, and Library of Congress catalogue number values from Wikidata.

{{Infobox book/Wikidata/Sandbox
| fetchwikidata  = ALL
}}

As shorthand, the |fetchwikidata= parameter can be set to ALL to fetch all available fields. Any field can be suppressed by naming it in |suppressfields=, or overridden by supplying a local value.

Never display genre

{{Infobox book/Wikidata/Sandbox
| suppressfields = genre
| fetchwikidata  = author; genre; pub_date; pages; dewey; congress
}}

The genre field will always be suppressed, even if a local value is supplied.

{{Infobox book/Wikidata/Sandbox
| suppressfields = genre
| fetchwikidata  = author; genre; pub_date; pages; dewey; congress
| genre          = Political satire
}}

Local override

{{Infobox book/Wikidata/Sandbox
| fetchwikidata  = author; genre; pub_date; pages; dewey; congress
| genre          = Political satire
}}

The genre field is set to display "Political satire", no matter what is stored in Wikidata.

{{Infobox book/Wikidata/Sandbox
| fetchwikidata  = ALL
| genre          = Novel
}}

The genre field is set to display "Novel", no matter what is stored in Wikidata.

Don't fetch genre

{{Infobox book/Wikidata/Sandbox
| suppressfields = 
| fetchwikidata  = author; pub_date; pages; dewey; congress
}}

The genre field will not be fetched from Wikidata. Only the author, publication date, number of pages, Dewey index, and Library of Congress catalogue number are imported. A local value for genre will display.

Exporting the module

WikidataIB has been developed to run on any language wiki (or Wikimedia project) with a minimum of modification. An optional sub-module Module:WikidataIB/i18n may be created to replace the values for error messages, ordinal suffixes etc. as shown in the local i18n definitions in the module. Although the same result can be arrived at by directly editing those values in WikidataIB, using the sub-module will allow an updated version of WikidataIB to directly replace the older module without having to re-edit the i18n definitions.

Linked items

If the target Wiki has a convention that certain items are not normally linked (see en:Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Linking #What generally should not be linked for an example), then a sub-module Module:WikidataIB/nolinks can be created to list items that should not be linked, using the English Wikipedia sub-module as an exemplar.

Italic titles

If the target Wiki has a convention that certain works should be italicised or quoted (see en:Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Text formatting #Names and titles for an example), then a sub-module Module:WikidataIB/titleformats can be created to list items that should be italicised or quoted, using the English Wikipedia sub-module as an exemplar.

Complex date

Most of the output from the module will use the local language (or any user-specified one on multi-lingual wikis) where the sitelink or label exists on Wikidata. However, dates are more complicated and not handled perfectly in all languages. To solve this, WikidataIB uses Module:Complex date – developed on Commons by Jarekt – which allows expansion to support a wider variety of languages. As a result, it is necessary to install Complex date and its dependencies alongside WikidataIB when installing on another Wikimedia project.

Complex date dependencies

Module:Complex_date relies on the following modules:

• Module:ISOdate
  • Module:DateI18n (no dependencies)
• Module:i18n/complex date
  • Module:Ordinal (lazy loading)
    • Module:I18n/ordinal (no dependencies)
    • Module:Yesno (from en.wikipedia) (no dependencies)
    • Module:Formatnum (no dependencies)
  • Module:Roman (lazy loading with no dependencies)

Unless otherwise noted, the authoritative version of each module can be found on Commons although the versions on English Wikipedia are usually kept in sync.

See also

• Module:Wikidata, handling Wikidata more basically
• Template:WikidataOI, a template that uses Module:Wd but also has and "opt-in" options |fetch= and |ifeq= similar to this module's |fetchwikidata= or |fwd=

Tracking categories

• Category:Articles with missing Wikidata information (0)

---

-- vim: set noexpandtab ft=lua ts=4 sw=4:
require('strict')

local p = {}
local debug = false


------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- module local variables and functions

local wiki =
{
	langcode = mw.language.getContentLanguage().code
}

-- internationalisation
local i18n =
{
	["errors"] =
	{
		["property-not-found"] = "Property not found.",
		["entity-not-found"] = "Wikidata entity not found.",
		["unknown-claim-type"] = "Unknown claim type.",
		["unknown-entity-type"] = "Unknown entity type.",
		["qualifier-not-found"] = "Qualifier not found.",
		["site-not-found"] = "Wikimedia project not found.",
		["unknown-datetime-format"] = "Unknown datetime format.",
		["local-article-not-found"] = "Article is not yet available in this wiki."
	},
	["datetime"] =
	{
		-- $1 is a placeholder for the actual number
		[0] = "$1 billion years",	-- precision: billion years
		[1] = "$100 million years",	-- precision: hundred million years
		[2] = "$10 million years",	-- precision: ten million years
		[3] = "$1 million years",	-- precision: million years
		[4] = "$100,000 years",		-- precision: hundred thousand years
		[5] = "$10,000 years",		-- precision: ten thousand years
		[6] = "$1 millennium",		-- precision: millennium
		[7] = "$1 century",			-- precision: century
		[8] = "$1s",				-- precision: decade
		-- the following use the format of #time parser function
		[9]  = "Y",					-- precision: year,
		[10] = "F Y",				-- precision: month
		[11] = "F j, Y",			-- precision: day
		[12] = "F j, Y ga",			-- precision: hour
		[13] = "F j, Y g:ia",		-- precision: minute
		[14] = "F j, Y g:i:sa",		-- precision: second
		["beforenow"] = "$1 BCE",	-- how to format negative numbers for precisions 0 to 5
		["afternow"] = "$1 CE",		-- how to format positive numbers for precisions 0 to 5
		["bc"] = '$1 "BCE"',		-- how print negative years
		["ad"] = "$1",				-- how print positive years
		-- the following are for function getDateValue() and getQualifierDateValue()
		["default-format"] = "dmy", -- default value of the #3 (getDateValue) or
									-- #4 (getQualifierDateValue) argument
		["default-addon"] = "BC",	-- default value of the #4 (getDateValue) or
									-- #5 (getQualifierDateValue) argument
		["prefix-addon"] = false,	-- set to true for languages put "BC" in front of the
									-- datetime string; or the addon will be suffixed
		["addon-sep"] = " ",		-- separator between datetime string and addon (or inverse)
		["format"] =				-- options of the 3rd argument
		{
			["mdy"] = "F j, Y",
			["my"] = "F Y",
			["y"] = "Y",
			["dmy"] = "j F Y",
			["ymd"] = "Y-m-d",
			["ym"] = "Y-m"
		}
	},
	["monolingualtext"] = '<span lang="%language">%text</span>',
	["warnDump"] = "[[Category:Called function 'Dump' from module Wikidata]]",
	["ordinal"] =
	{
		[1] = "st",
		[2] = "nd",
		[3] = "rd",
		["default"] = "th"
	}
}

if wiki.langcode ~= "en" then
	--require("Module:i18n").loadI18n("Module:Wikidata/i18n", i18n)
	-- got idea from [[:w:Module:Wd]]
	local module_title; if ... == nil then
		module_title = mw.getCurrentFrame():getTitle()
	else
		module_title = ...
	end
	require('Module:i18n').loadI18n(module_title..'/i18n', i18n)
end

-- this function needs to be internationalised along with the above:
-- takes cardinal numer as a numeric and returns the ordinal as a string
-- we need three exceptions in English for 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 21st, .. 31st, etc.
local function makeOrdinal (cardinal)
	local ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal.default
	if cardinal % 10 == 1 then
		ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal[1]
	elseif cardinal % 10 == 2 then
		ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal[2]
	elseif cardinal % 10 == 3 then
		ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal[3]
	end
	-- In English, 1, 21, 31, etc. use 'st', but 11, 111, etc. use 'th'
	-- similarly for 12 and 13, etc.
	if (cardinal % 100 == 11) or (cardinal % 100 == 12) or (cardinal % 100 == 13) then
		ordsuffix = i18n.ordinal.default
	end
	return tostring(cardinal) .. ordsuffix
end

local function printError(code)
	return '<span class="error">' .. (i18n.errors[code] or code) .. '</span>'
end
local function parseDateFormat(f, timestamp, addon, prefix_addon, addon_sep) 
	local year_suffix
	local tstr = ""
	local lang_obj = mw.language.new(wiki.langcode)
	local f_parts = mw.text.split(f, 'Y', true)
	for idx, f_part in pairs(f_parts) do
		year_suffix = ''
		if string.match(f_part, "x[mijkot]$") then
			-- for non-Gregorian year
			f_part = f_part .. 'Y'
		elseif idx < #f_parts then
			-- supress leading zeros in year
			year_suffix = lang_obj:formatDate('Y', timestamp)
			year_suffix = string.gsub(year_suffix, '^0+', '', 1)
		end
		tstr = tstr .. lang_obj:formatDate(f_part, timestamp) .. year_suffix
	end
	if addon ~= "" and prefix_addon then
		return addon .. addon_sep .. tstr
	elseif addon ~= "" then
		return tstr .. addon_sep .. addon
	else
		return tstr
	end
end
local function parseDateValue(timestamp, date_format, date_addon)
	local prefix_addon = i18n["datetime"]["prefix-addon"]
	local addon_sep = i18n["datetime"]["addon-sep"]
	local addon = ""

	-- check for negative date
	if string.sub(timestamp, 1, 1) == '-' then
		timestamp = '+' .. string.sub(timestamp, 2)
		addon = date_addon
	end
	local _date_format = i18n["datetime"]["format"][date_format]
	if _date_format ~= nil then
		return parseDateFormat(_date_format, timestamp, addon, prefix_addon, addon_sep)
	else
		return printError("unknown-datetime-format")
	end
end

-- This local function combines the year/month/day/BC/BCE handling of parseDateValue{}
-- with the millennium/century/decade handling of formatDate()
local function parseDateFull(timestamp, precision, date_format, date_addon)
	local prefix_addon = i18n["datetime"]["prefix-addon"]
	local addon_sep = i18n["datetime"]["addon-sep"]
	local addon = ""

	-- check for negative date
	if string.sub(timestamp, 1, 1) == '-' then
		timestamp = '+' .. string.sub(timestamp, 2)
		addon = date_addon
	end

	-- get the next four characters after the + (should be the year now in all cases)
	-- ok, so this is dirty, but let's get it working first
	local intyear = tonumber(string.sub(timestamp, 2, 5))
	if intyear == 0 and precision <= 9 then
		return ""
	end

	-- precision is 10000 years or more
	if precision <= 5 then
		local factor = 10 ^ ((5 - precision) + 4)
		local y2 = math.ceil(math.abs(intyear) / factor)
		local relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[precision], "$1", tostring(y2))
		if addon ~= "" then
			-- negative date
			relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.beforenow, "$1", relative)
		else
			relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.afternow, "$1", relative)
		end
		return relative
	end

	-- precision is decades (8), centuries (7) and millennia (6)
	local era, card
	if precision == 6 then
		card = math.floor((intyear - 1) / 1000) + 1
		era = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[6], "$1", makeOrdinal(card))
	end
	if precision == 7 then
		card = math.floor((intyear - 1) / 100) + 1
		era = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[7], "$1", makeOrdinal(card))
	end
	if precision == 8 then
		era = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[8], "$1", tostring(math.floor(math.abs(intyear) / 10) * 10))
	end
	if era then
		if addon ~= "" then
			era = mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.bc, '"', ""), "$1", era)
		else
			era = mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.ad, '"', ""), "$1", era)
		end
		return era
	end

	local _date_format = i18n["datetime"]["format"][date_format]
	if _date_format ~= nil then
		-- check for precision is year and override supplied date_format
		if precision == 9 then
			_date_format = i18n["datetime"][9]
		end
		return parseDateFormat(_date_format, timestamp, addon, prefix_addon, addon_sep)
	else
		return printError("unknown-datetime-format")
	end
end

-- the "qualifiers" and "snaks" field have a respective "qualifiers-order" and "snaks-order" field
-- use these as the second parameter and this function instead of the built-in "pairs" function
-- to iterate over all qualifiers and snaks in the intended order.
local function orderedpairs(array, order)
	if not order then return pairs(array) end

	-- return iterator function
	local i = 0
	return function()
		i = i + 1
		if order[i] then
			return order[i], array[order[i]]
		end
	end
end

-- precision: 0 - billion years, 1 - hundred million years, ..., 6 - millennia, 7 - century, 8 - decade, 9 - year, 10 - month, 11 - day, 12 - hour, 13 - minute, 14 - second
local function normalizeDate(date)
	date = mw.text.trim(date, "+")
	-- extract year
	local yearstr = mw.ustring.match(date, "^\-?%d+")
	local year = tonumber(yearstr)
	-- remove leading zeros of year
	return year .. mw.ustring.sub(date, #yearstr + 1), year
end

local function formatDate(date, precision, timezone)
	precision = precision or 11
	local date, year = normalizeDate(date)
	if year == 0 and precision <= 9 then return "" end

	-- precision is 10000 years or more
	if precision <= 5 then
		local factor = 10 ^ ((5 - precision) + 4)
		local y2 = math.ceil(math.abs(year) / factor)
		local relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[precision], "$1", tostring(y2))
		if year < 0 then
			relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.beforenow, "$1", relative)
		else
			relative = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.afternow, "$1", relative)
		end
		return relative
	end

	-- precision is decades, centuries and millennia
	local era
	if precision == 6 then era = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[6], "$1", tostring(math.floor((math.abs(year) - 1) / 1000) + 1)) end
	if precision == 7 then era = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[7], "$1", tostring(math.floor((math.abs(year) - 1) / 100) + 1)) end
	if precision == 8 then era = mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime[8], "$1", tostring(math.floor(math.abs(year) / 10) * 10)) end
	if era then
		if year < 0 then era = mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.bc, '"', ""), "$1", era)
		elseif year > 0 then era = mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.ad, '"', ""), "$1", era) end
		return era
	end

	-- precision is year
	if precision == 9 then
		return year
	end

	-- precision is less than years
	if precision > 9 then
		--[[ the following code replaces the UTC suffix with the given negated timezone to convert the global time to the given local time
		timezone = tonumber(timezone)
		if timezone and timezone ~= 0 then
			timezone = -timezone
			timezone = string.format("%.2d%.2d", timezone / 60, timezone % 60)
			if timezone[1] ~= '-' then timezone = "+" .. timezone end
			date = mw.text.trim(date, "Z") .. " " .. timezone
		end
		]]--

		local formatstr = i18n.datetime[precision]
		if year == 0 then formatstr = mw.ustring.gsub(formatstr, i18n.datetime[9], "")
		elseif year < 0 then
			-- Mediawiki formatDate doesn't support negative years
			date = mw.ustring.sub(date, 2)
			formatstr = mw.ustring.gsub(formatstr, i18n.datetime[9], mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.bc, "$1", i18n.datetime[9]))
		elseif year > 0 and i18n.datetime.ad ~= "$1" then
			formatstr = mw.ustring.gsub(formatstr, i18n.datetime[9], mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.datetime.ad, "$1", i18n.datetime[9]))
		end
		return mw.language.new(wiki.langcode):formatDate(formatstr, date)
	end
end

local function printDatavalueEntity(data, parameter)
	-- data fields: entity-type [string], numeric-id [int, Wikidata id]
	local id

	if data["entity-type"] == "item" then id = "Q" .. data["numeric-id"]
	elseif data["entity-type"] == "property" then id = "P" .. data["numeric-id"]
	else return printError("unknown-entity-type")
	end

	if parameter then
		if parameter == "link" then
			local linkTarget = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(id)
			local linkName = mw.wikibase.getLabel(id)
			if linkTarget then
				-- if there is a local Wikipedia article link to it using the label or the article title
				return "[[" .. linkTarget .. "|" .. (linkName or linkTarget) .. "]]"
			else
				-- if there is no local Wikipedia article output the label or link to the Wikidata object to let the user input a proper label
				if linkName then return linkName else return "[[:d:" .. id .. "|" .. id .. "]]" end
			end
		else
			return data[parameter]
		end
	else
		return mw.wikibase.getLabel(id) or id
	end
end

local function printDatavalueTime(data, parameter)
	-- data fields: time [ISO 8601 time], timezone [int in minutes], before [int], after [int], precision [int], calendarmodel [wikidata URI]
	--   precision: 0 - billion years, 1 - hundred million years, ..., 6 - millennia, 7 - century, 8 - decade, 9 - year, 10 - month, 11 - day, 12 - hour, 13 - minute, 14 - second
	--   calendarmodel: e.g. http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1985727 for the proleptic Gregorian calendar or http://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11184 for the Julian calendar]
	if parameter then
		if parameter == "calendarmodel" then data.calendarmodel = mw.ustring.match(data.calendarmodel, "Q%d+") -- extract entity id from the calendar model URI
		elseif parameter == "time" then data.time = normalizeDate(data.time) end
		return data[parameter]
	else
		return formatDate(data.time, data.precision, data.timezone)
	end
end

local function printDatavalueMonolingualText(data, parameter)
	-- data fields: language [string], text [string]
	if parameter then
		return data[parameter]
	else
		local result = mw.ustring.gsub(mw.ustring.gsub(i18n.monolingualtext, "%%language", data["language"]), "%%text", data["text"])
		return result
	end
end

local function findClaims(entity, property)
	if not property or not entity or not entity.claims then return end

	if mw.ustring.match(property, "^P%d+$") then
		-- if the property is given by an id (P..) access the claim list by this id
		return entity.claims[property]
	else
		property = mw.wikibase.resolvePropertyId(property)
		if not property then return end

		return entity.claims[property]
	end
end

local function getSnakValue(snak, parameter)
	if snak.snaktype == "value" then
		-- call the respective snak parser
		if snak.datavalue.type == "string" then return snak.datavalue.value
		elseif snak.datavalue.type == "globecoordinate" then return printDatavalueCoordinate(snak.datavalue.value, parameter)
		elseif snak.datavalue.type == "quantity" then return printDatavalueQuantity(snak.datavalue.value, parameter)
		elseif snak.datavalue.type == "time" then return printDatavalueTime(snak.datavalue.value, parameter)
		elseif snak.datavalue.type == "wikibase-entityid" then return printDatavalueEntity(snak.datavalue.value, parameter)
		elseif snak.datavalue.type == "monolingualtext" then return printDatavalueMonolingualText(snak.datavalue.value, parameter)
		end
	end
	return mw.wikibase.renderSnak(snak)
end

local function getQualifierSnak(claim, qualifierId)
	-- a "snak" is Wikidata terminology for a typed key/value pair
	-- a claim consists of a main snak holding the main information of this claim,
	-- as well as a list of attribute snaks and a list of references snaks
	if qualifierId then
		-- search the attribute snak with the given qualifier as key
		if claim.qualifiers then
			local qualifier = claim.qualifiers[qualifierId]
			if qualifier then return qualifier[1] end
		end
		return nil, printError("qualifier-not-found")
	else
		-- otherwise return the main snak
		return claim.mainsnak
	end
end

local function getValueOfClaim(claim, qualifierId, parameter)
	local error
	local snak
	snak, error = getQualifierSnak(claim, qualifierId)
	if snak then
		return getSnakValue(snak, parameter)
	else
		return nil, error
	end
end

local function getReferences(frame, claim)
	local result = ""
	-- traverse through all references
	for ref in pairs(claim.references or {}) do
		local refparts
		-- traverse through all parts of the current reference
		for snakkey, snakval in orderedpairs(claim.references[ref].snaks or {}, claim.references[ref]["snaks-order"]) do
			if refparts then refparts = refparts .. ", " else refparts = "" end
			-- output the label of the property of the reference part, e.g. "imported from" for P143
			refparts = refparts .. tostring(mw.wikibase.getLabel(snakkey)) .. ": "
			-- output all values of this reference part, e.g. "German Wikipedia" and "English Wikipedia" if the referenced claim was imported from both sites
			for snakidx = 1, #snakval do
				if snakidx > 1 then refparts = refparts .. ", " end
				refparts = refparts .. getSnakValue(snakval[snakidx])
			end
		end
		if refparts then result = result .. frame:extensionTag("ref", refparts) end
	end
	return result
end

local function parseInput(frame)
	local qid = frame.args.qid
	if qid and (#qid == 0) then qid = nil end
	local propertyID = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "")
	local input_parm = mw.text.trim(frame.args[2] or "")
	if input_parm ~= "FETCH_WIKIDATA" then
		return false, input_parm, nil, nil
	end
	local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity(qid)
	local claims
	if entity and entity.claims then
		claims = entity.claims[propertyID]
		if not claims then
			return false, "", nil, nil
		end
	else
		return false, "", nil, nil
	end
	return true, entity, claims, propertyID
end
local function isType(claims, type)
	return claims[1] and claims[1].mainsnak.snaktype == "value" and claims[1].mainsnak.datavalue.type == type
end
local function getValue(entity, claims, propertyID, delim, labelHook) 
	if labelHook == nil then
		labelHook = function (qnumber)
			return nil;
		end
	end
	if isType(claims, "wikibase-entityid") then
		local out = {}
		for k, v in pairs(claims) do
			local qnumber = "Q" .. v.mainsnak.datavalue.value["numeric-id"]
			local sitelink = mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qnumber)
			local label = labelHook(qnumber) or mw.wikibase.getLabel(qnumber) or qnumber
			if sitelink then
				out[#out + 1] = "[[" .. sitelink .. "|" .. label .. "]]"
			else
				out[#out + 1] = "[[:d:" .. qnumber .. "|" .. label .. "]]<abbr title='" .. i18n["errors"]["local-article-not-found"] .. "'>[*]</abbr>"
			end
		end
		return table.concat(out, delim)
	else
		-- just return best values
		return entity:formatPropertyValues(propertyID).value
	end
end

------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- module global functions

if debug then
	function p.inspectI18n(frame)
		local val = i18n
		for _, key in pairs(frame.args) do
			key = mw.text.trim(key)
			val = val[key]
		end
		return val
	end
end

function p.descriptionIn(frame)
	local langcode = frame.args[1]
	local id = frame.args[2]
	-- return description of a Wikidata entity in the given language or the default language of this Wikipedia site
	return mw.wikibase.getEntity(id):getDescription(langcode or wiki.langcode)
end

function p.labelIn(frame)
	local langcode = frame.args[1]
	local id = frame.args[2]
	-- return label of a Wikidata entity in the given language or the default language of this Wikipedia site
	return mw.wikibase.getEntity(id):getLabel(langcode or wiki.langcode)
end

-- This is used to get a value, or a comma separated list of them if multiple values exist
p.getValue = function(frame)
	local delimdefault = ", " -- **internationalise later**
	local delim = frame.args.delimiter or ""
	delim = string.gsub(delim, '"', '')
	if #delim == 0 then
		delim = delimdefault
	end
	local go, errorOrentity, claims, propertyID = parseInput(frame)
	if not go then
		return errorOrentity
	end
	return getValue(errorOrentity, claims, propertyID, delim)
end

-- Same as above, but uses the short name property for label if available.
p.getValueShortName = function(frame)
	local go, errorOrentity, claims, propertyID = parseInput(frame)
	if not go then
		return errorOrentity
	end
	local entity = errorOrentity
	-- if wiki-linked value output as link if possible
	local function labelHook (qnumber)
		local label
		local claimEntity = mw.wikibase.getEntity(qnumber)
		if claimEntity ~= nil then
			if claimEntity.claims.P1813 then
				for k2, v2 in pairs(claimEntity.claims.P1813) do
					if v2.mainsnak.datavalue.value.language == "en" then
						label = v2.mainsnak.datavalue.value.text
					end
				end
			end
		end
		if label == nil or label == "" then return nil end
		return label
	end
	return getValue(errorOrentity, claims, propertyID, ", ", labelHook);
end

-- This is used to get a value, or a comma separated list of them if multiple values exist
-- from an arbitrary entry by using its QID.
-- Use : {{#invoke:Wikidata|getValueFromID|<ID>|<Property>|FETCH_WIKIDATA}}
-- E.g.: {{#invoke:Wikidata|getValueFromID|Q151973|P26|FETCH_WIKIDATA}} - to fetch value of 'spouse' (P26) from 'Richard Burton' (Q151973)
-- Please use sparingly - this is an *expensive call*.
p.getValueFromID = function(frame)
	local itemID = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "")
	local propertyID = mw.text.trim(frame.args[2] or "")
	local input_parm = mw.text.trim(frame.args[3] or "")
	if input_parm == "FETCH_WIKIDATA" then
		local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity(itemID)
		local claims
		if entity and entity.claims then
			claims = entity.claims[propertyID]
		end
		if claims then
			return getValue(entity, claims, propertyID, ", ")
		else
			return ""
		end
	else
		return input_parm
	end
end
local function getQualifier(frame, outputHook) 
	local propertyID = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "")
	local qualifierID = mw.text.trim(frame.args[2] or "")
	local input_parm = mw.text.trim(frame.args[3] or "")
	if input_parm == "FETCH_WIKIDATA" then
		local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity()
		if entity.claims[propertyID] ~= nil then
			local out = {}
			for k, v in pairs(entity.claims[propertyID]) do
				for k2, v2 in pairs(v.qualifiers[qualifierID]) do
					if v2.snaktype == 'value' then
						out[#out + 1] = outputHook(v2);
					end
				end
			end
			return table.concat(out, ", "), true
		else
			return "", false
		end
	else
		return input_parm, false
	end
end
p.getQualifierValue = function(frame)
	local function outputValue(value)
		local qnumber = "Q" .. value.datavalue.value["numeric-id"]
		if (mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qnumber)) then
			return "[[" .. mw.wikibase.getSitelink(qnumber) .. "]]"
		else
			return "[[:d:" .. qnumber .. "|" ..qnumber .. "]]<abbr title='" .. i18n["errors"]["local-article-not-found"] .. "'>[*]</abbr>"
		end
	end
	return (getQualifier(frame, outputValue))
end

-- This is used to get a value like 'male' (for property p21) which won't be linked and numbers without the thousand separators
p.getRawValue = function(frame)
	local go, errorOrentity, claims, propertyID = parseInput(frame)
	if not go then
		return errorOrentity
	end
	local entity = errorOrentity
	local result = entity:formatPropertyValues(propertyID, mw.wikibase.entity.claimRanks).value
	-- if number type: remove thousand separators, bounds and units
	if isType(claims, "quantity") then
		result = mw.ustring.gsub(result, "(%d),(%d)", "%1%2")
		result = mw.ustring.gsub(result, "(%d)±.*", "%1")
	end
	return result
end

-- This is used to get the unit name for the numeric value returned by getRawValue
p.getUnits = function(frame)
	local go, errorOrentity, claims, propertyID = parseInput(frame)
	if not go then
		return errorOrentity
	end
	local entity = errorOrentity
	local result = entity:formatPropertyValues(propertyID, mw.wikibase.entity.claimRanks).value
	if isType(claims, "quantity") then
		result = mw.ustring.sub(result, mw.ustring.find(result, " ")+1, -1)
	end
	return result
end

-- This is used to get the unit's QID to use with the numeric value returned by getRawValue
p.getUnitID = function(frame)
	local go, errorOrentity, claims = parseInput(frame)
	if not go then
		return errorOrentity
	end
	local entity = errorOrentity
	local result
	if isType(claims, "quantity") then
		-- get the url for the unit entry on Wikidata:
		result = claims[1].mainsnak.datavalue.value.unit
		-- and just reurn the last bit from "Q" to the end (which is the QID):
		result = mw.ustring.sub(result, mw.ustring.find(result, "Q"), -1)
	end
	return result
end

p.getRawQualifierValue = function(frame)
	local function outputHook(value)
		if value.datavalue.value["numeric-id"] then
			return mw.wikibase.getLabel("Q" .. value.datavalue.value["numeric-id"])
		else
			return value.datavalue.value
		end
	end
	local ret, gotData = getQualifier(frame, outputHook)
	if gotData then
		ret = string.upper(string.sub(ret, 1, 1)) .. string.sub(ret, 2)
	end
	return ret
end

-- This is used to get a date value for date_of_birth (P569), etc. which won't be linked
-- Dates and times are stored in ISO 8601 format (sort of).
-- At present the local formatDate(date, precision, timezone) function doesn't handle timezone
-- So I'll just supply "Z" in the call to formatDate below:
p.getDateValue = function(frame)
	local date_format = mw.text.trim(frame.args[3] or i18n["datetime"]["default-format"])
	local date_addon = mw.text.trim(frame.args[4] or i18n["datetime"]["default-addon"])
	local go, errorOrentity, claims = parseInput(frame)
	if not go then
		return errorOrentity
	end
	local entity = errorOrentity
	local out = {}
	for k, v in pairs(claims) do
		if v.mainsnak.datavalue.type == 'time' then
			local timestamp = v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.time
			local dateprecision = v.mainsnak.datavalue.value.precision
			-- A year can be stored like this: "+1872-00-00T00:00:00Z",
			-- which is processed here as if it were the day before "+1872-01-01T00:00:00Z",
			-- and that's the last day of 1871, so the year is wrong.
			-- So fix the month 0, day 0 timestamp to become 1 January instead:
			timestamp = timestamp:gsub("%-00%-00T", "-01-01T")
			out[#out + 1] = parseDateFull(timestamp, dateprecision, date_format, date_addon)
		end
	end
	return table.concat(out, ", ")
end
p.getQualifierDateValue = function(frame)
	local date_format = mw.text.trim(frame.args[4] or i18n["datetime"]["default-format"])
	local date_addon = mw.text.trim(frame.args[5] or i18n["datetime"]["default-addon"])
	local function outputHook(value)
		local timestamp = value.datavalue.value.time
		return parseDateValue(timestamp, date_format, date_addon)
	end
	return (getQualifier(frame, outputHook))
end

-- This is used to fetch all of the images with a particular property, e.g. image (P18), Gene Atlas Image (P692), etc.
-- Parameters are | propertyID | value / FETCH_WIKIDATA / nil | separator (default=space) | size (default=frameless)
-- It will return a standard wiki-markup [[File:Filename | size]] for each image with a selectable size and separator (which may be html)
-- e.g. {{#invoke:Wikidata|getImages|P18|FETCH_WIKIDATA}}
-- e.g. {{#invoke:Wikidata|getImages|P18|FETCH_WIKIDATA|<br>|250px}}
-- If a property is chosen that is not of type "commonsMedia", it will return empty text.
p.getImages = function(frame)
	local sep = mw.text.trim(frame.args[3] or " ")
	local imgsize = mw.text.trim(frame.args[4] or "frameless")
	local go, errorOrentity, claims = parseInput(frame)
	if not go then
		return errorOrentity
	end
	local entity = errorOrentity
	if (claims[1] and claims[1].mainsnak.datatype == "commonsMedia") then
		local out = {}
		for k, v in pairs(claims) do
			local filename = v.mainsnak.datavalue.value
			out[#out + 1] = "[[File:" .. filename .. "|" .. imgsize .. "]]"
		end
		return table.concat(out, sep)
	else
		return ""
	end
end

-- This is used to get the TA98 (Terminologia Anatomica first edition 1998) values like 'A01.1.00.005' (property P1323)
-- which are then linked to https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/01.1.00.005%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm
-- uses the newer mw.wikibase calls instead of directly using the snaks
-- formatPropertyValues returns a table with the P1323 values concatenated with ", " so we have to split them out into a table in order to construct the return string
p.getTAValue = function(frame)
	local ent = mw.wikibase.getEntity()
	local props = ent:formatPropertyValues('P1323')
	local out = {}
	local t = {}
	for k, v in pairs(props) do
		if k == 'value' then
			t = mw.text.split( v, ", ")
			for k2, v2 in pairs(t) do
				out[#out + 1] = "[https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/" .. string.sub(v2, 2) .. "%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm " .. v2 .. "]"
			end
		end
	end
	local ret = table.concat(out, "<br> ")
	if #ret == 0 then
		ret = "Invalid TA"
	end
	return ret
end

--[[
This is used to return an image legend from Wikidata
image is property P18
image legend is property P2096

Call as {{#invoke:Wikidata |getImageLegend | <PARAMETER> | lang=<ISO-639code> |id=<QID>}}
Returns PARAMETER, unless it is equal to "FETCH_WIKIDATA", from Item QID (expensive call)
If QID is omitted or blank, the current article is used (not an expensive call)
If lang is omitted, it uses the local wiki language, otherwise it uses the provided ISO-639 language code
ISO-639: https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E13214_01/wli/docs92/xref/xqisocodes.html#wp1252447

Ranks are: 'preferred' > 'normal'
This returns the label from the first image with 'preferred' rank
Or the label from the first image with 'normal' rank if preferred returns nothing
Ranks: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Wikibase_Client/Lua
]]

p.getImageLegend = function(frame)
	-- look for named parameter id; if it's blank make it nil
	local id = frame.args.id
	if id and (#id == 0) then
		id = nil
	end

	-- look for named parameter lang
	-- it should contain a two-character ISO-639 language code
	-- if it's blank fetch the language of the local wiki
	local lang = frame.args.lang
	if (not lang) or (#lang < 2) then
		lang = mw.language.getContentLanguage().code
	end

	-- first unnamed parameter is the local parameter, if supplied
	local input_parm = mw.text.trim(frame.args[1] or "")
	if input_parm == "FETCH_WIKIDATA" then
		local ent = mw.wikibase.getEntity(id)
		local imgs
		if ent and ent.claims then
			imgs = ent.claims.P18
		end
		local imglbl
		if imgs then
			-- look for an image with 'preferred' rank
			for k1, v1 in pairs(imgs) do
				if v1.rank == "preferred" and v1.qualifiers and v1.qualifiers.P2096 then
					local imglbls = v1.qualifiers.P2096
					for k2, v2 in pairs(imglbls) do
						if v2.datavalue.value.language == lang then
							imglbl = v2.datavalue.value.text
							break
						end
					end
				end
			end
			-- if we don't find one, look for an image with 'normal' rank
			if (not imglbl) then
				for k1, v1 in pairs(imgs) do
					if v1.rank == "normal" and v1.qualifiers and v1.qualifiers.P2096 then
						local imglbls = v1.qualifiers.P2096
						for k2, v2 in pairs(imglbls) do
							if v2.datavalue.value.language == lang then
								imglbl = v2.datavalue.value.text
								break
							end
						end
					end
				end
			end
		end
		return imglbl
	else
		return input_parm
	end
end

-- This is used to get the QIDs of all of the values of a property, as a comma separated list if multiple values exist
-- Usage: {{#invoke:Wikidata |getPropertyIDs |<PropertyID> |FETCH_WIKIDATA}}
-- Usage: {{#invoke:Wikidata |getPropertyIDs |<PropertyID> |<InputParameter> |qid=<QID>}}

p.getPropertyIDs = function(frame)
	local go, errorOrentity, propclaims = parseInput(frame)
	if not go then
		return errorOrentity
	end
	local entity = errorOrentity
	-- if wiki-linked value collect the QID in a table
	if (propclaims[1] and propclaims[1].mainsnak.snaktype == "value" and propclaims[1].mainsnak.datavalue.type == "wikibase-entityid") then
		local out = {}
		for k, v in pairs(propclaims) do
			out[#out + 1] = "Q" .. v.mainsnak.datavalue.value["numeric-id"]
		end
		return table.concat(out, ", ")
	else
		-- not a wikibase-entityid, so return empty
		return ""
	end
end

-- returns the page id (Q...) of the current page or nothing of the page is not connected to Wikidata
function p.pageId(frame)
	return mw.wikibase.getEntityIdForCurrentPage()
end

function p.claim(frame)
	local property = frame.args[1] or ""
	local id = frame.args["id"]
	local qualifierId = frame.args["qualifier"]
	local parameter = frame.args["parameter"]
	local list = frame.args["list"]
	local references = frame.args["references"]
	local showerrors = frame.args["showerrors"]
	local default = frame.args["default"]
	if default then showerrors = nil end

	-- get wikidata entity
	local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity(id)
	if not entity then
		if showerrors then return printError("entity-not-found") else return default end
	end
	-- fetch the first claim of satisfying the given property
	local claims = findClaims(entity, property)
	if not claims or not claims[1] then
		if showerrors then return printError("property-not-found") else return default end
	end

	-- get initial sort indices
	local sortindices = {}
	for idx in pairs(claims) do
		sortindices[#sortindices + 1] = idx
	end
	-- sort by claim rank
	local comparator = function(a, b)
		local rankmap = { deprecated = 2, normal = 1, preferred = 0 }
		local ranka = rankmap[claims[a].rank or "normal"] .. string.format("%08d", a)
		local rankb = rankmap[claims[b].rank or "normal"] .. string.format("%08d", b)
		return ranka < rankb
	end
	table.sort(sortindices, comparator)

	local result
	local error
	if list then
		local value
		-- iterate over all elements and return their value (if existing)
		result = {}
		for idx in pairs(claims) do
			local claim = claims[sortindices[idx]]
			value, error = getValueOfClaim(claim, qualifierId, parameter)
			if not value and showerrors then value = error end
			if value and references then value = value .. getReferences(frame, claim) end
			result[#result + 1] = value
		end
		result = table.concat(result, list)
	else
		-- return first element
		local claim = claims[sortindices[1]]
		result, error = getValueOfClaim(claim, qualifierId, parameter)
		if result and references then result = result .. getReferences(frame, claim) end
	end

	if result then return result else
		if showerrors then return error else return default end
	end
end

-- look into entity object
function p.ViewSomething(frame)
	local f = (frame.args[1] or frame.args.id) and frame or frame:getParent()
	local id = f.args.id
	if id and (#id == 0) then
		id = nil
	end
	local data = mw.wikibase.getEntity(id)
	if not data then
		return nil
	end

	local i = 1
	while true do
		local index = f.args[i]
		if not index then
			if type(data) == "table" then
				return mw.text.jsonEncode(data, mw.text.JSON_PRESERVE_KEYS + mw.text.JSON_PRETTY)
			else
				return tostring(data)
			end
		end

		data = data[index] or data[tonumber(index)]
		if not data then
			return
		end

		i = i + 1
	end
end

-- getting sitelink of a given wiki
-- get sitelink of current item if qid not supplied
function p.getSiteLink(frame)
	local qid = frame.args.qid
	if qid == "" then qid = nil end
	local f = mw.text.trim( frame.args[1] or "")
	local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntity(qid)
	if not entity then
		return
	end
	local link = entity:getSitelink( f )
	if not link then
		return
	end
	return link
end

function p.Dump(frame)
	local f = (frame.args[1] or frame.args.id) and frame or frame:getParent()
	local data = mw.wikibase.getEntity(f.args.id)
	if not data then
		return i18n.warnDump
	end

	local i = 1
	while true do
		local index = f.args[i]
		if not index then
			return "<pre>"..mw.dumpObject(data).."</pre>".. i18n.warnDump
		end

		data = data[index] or data[tonumber(index)]
		if not data then
			return i18n.warnDump
		end

		i = i + 1
	end
end

return p